Blechnum spicant (also known as Struthiopteris spicant, hard fern or deer fern) is a charming evergreen fern in the family Blechnaceae, prized for its dual‑leaf habit and neat, architectural growth.
Blechnum spicant (also known as Struthiopteris spicant, hard fern or deer fern) is a charming evergreen fern in the family Blechnaceae, prized for its dual‑leaf habit and neat, architectural growth.
Forms a tidy, tufted clump from a short, stout, scaly rhizome. Fronds are deeply pinnatifid with a leathery texture.
Sterile fronds: arching, flat, wavy‑edged, 30–60 cm long, radiating outward in a rosette.
Fertile fronds: emerge upright from the center in summer, taller and narrower, bearing two rows of sori on the undersides; these wither after spore released.
Overall size: typically 45–60 cm tall and wide, occasionally up to 90 cm in ideal conditions.
Native across Europe, western Asia, North Africa, and western North America, from southern Alaska to California and the Cascades.
Thrives in moist, shady woodlands, along streams, wet heaths, and rocky slopes, often indicating ancient woodland.
Hardiness: survives down to –20 °C (USDA zones 4–8).
Prefers moist, acidic, well‑drained soil and dappled to full shade; tolerates light sun in cooler climates.
Recognized by the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.
Low‑maintenance, deer and rabbit resistant, pest‑free—ideal for shade gardens, borders, containers.
Spreads via spores released in summer (June–August), with sori protected by narrow indusia.
Propagation through spores or dividing clumps in spring.
The epithet spicant likely refers to its spike‑like fertile fronds.
Historically, fronds were chewed to suppress hunger and thirst; rhizomes used as emergency starch or medicinal remedies.
A traditional remedy in Pacific Northwest cultures; deer also rub antler stubs on it.
Image 1: Classic dome of leathery sterile fronds with central fertile spikes.
Image 2: Detailed look at erect fertile fronds with sori rows.
Image 3: Garden setting showcasing texture and form in shaded beds.
Image 4: Close-up of unfurling fiddleheads and fertile fronds.
In summary: Blechnum spicant is a hardy, evergreen, shade-loving fern with striking architectural form, low maintenance, wildlife resistance, and a rich history in traditional uses. It adds elegance and texture to woodland-style landscapes and is well-suited to cooler climates.
| Size | 1 Litre, 2 Litre, 3 Litre, 5 Litre, 10 Litre |
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